Exercises - Relations & Lambert's W Function

  1. For each relation resulting from the given equation and any additional restrictions provided, solve for the indicated variable. Then graph the relation:

    1. $\displaystyle{x^2 + y^2 = 16, \ \ y \gt 0}$;   solve for $y$

    2. $\displaystyle{x^2 + y^2 = 9, \ \ y \le 0}$;   solve for $y$

    3. $\displaystyle{x^2 + y^2 = 25, \ \ x \lt 0}$;   solve for $x$

    4. $\displaystyle{x^2 + y^2 = 7, \ \ x \ge 0}$;   solve for $x$

    5. $\displaystyle{x=y^2 + 1, \ \ x \lt 0}$;   solve for $y$

    6. $\displaystyle{x=-2y^2, \ \ x \ge 0};$   solve for $y$

    7. $\displaystyle{x^2 + y^2 = 0}$   solve for $y$

    1. $y = \sqrt{16-x^2}$ with $x \neq \pm4$

    2. $y = -\sqrt{9-x^2}$

    3. $x = -\sqrt{25-x^2}$ with $y \neq \pm \sqrt{7}$

    4. $x = \sqrt{7-y^2}$

    5. no solution

    6. $y = 0$

    7. $y = 0$

  2. Use an online graphing tool (like the one at www.desmos.com/calculator to graph the following relation $$\log_x y^2 + x = y$$ Based on what results, what appears to be the minimum number of functions needed to fully describe this relation? (Hint: recall that for a relation whose graph was a circle, we needed two functions)

    $3$

  3. Solve the following using Lambert's W function:

    1. $xe^{2x} = 3$

    2. $x \cdot 3^x = 9$

    3. $x + \ln x = \ln 2$

    4. $2^x = 10x$

    5. $x^2 + 8\ln x = 0$

    6. $x^2 = 2^x$

    1. $\displaystyle{\begin{array}[t]{rcl} xe^{2x} &=& 3\\ 2x e^{2x} &=& 6\\ 2x &=& W(6)\\ x &=& \frac{1}{2} W(6) \end{array}}$


    2. $\displaystyle{\begin{array}[t]{rcl} x \cdot 3^x &=& 9\\ x \cdot e^{\ln 3^x} &=& 9\\ x \cdot e^{x \ln 3} &=& 9\\ (x \ln 3) \cdot e^{x \ln 3} &=& 9 \ln 3\\ x \ln 3 &=& W(9 \ln 3)\\ x &=& \frac{1}{\ln 3} W(9 \ln 3) \end{array}}$


    3. $\displaystyle{\begin{array}[t]{rcl} x + \ln x &=& \ln 2\\ e^{x + \ln x} &=& 2\\ e^{\ln x} \cdot e^x &=& 2\\ x \cdot e^x &=& 2\\ x &=& W(2) \end{array}}$