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There are many, many Excel functions available, but initially the following functions might prove useful:
Some of the following are functions that take a range, like $C3:C7$ or something similar. For the examples discussed below, we use $R$ and $R_i$ to denote ranges of cells. Further, for the purpose of making sense of the example calculations, let us suppose some specific $R_i$ ranges are filled with the following:
$$R_1 : \{4,6,7,-3\}, \quad \quad R_2 : \{6,8,-5,7\}, \quad \quad R_3 : \{5, \textrm{""}, \textrm{"A"}, 6, -1\}$$Absolute value of $x$
Square Root of $x$
Sum of the elements in range $R$. Example:
$\textrm{SUM}(R_1) = 4 + 6 + 7 - 3 = 14$
Average of the elements in range $R$. Example:
$\textrm{SUM}(R_1) = (4 + 6 + 7 - 3) / 4 = 3.5$
Sum of the squares of the elements in range $R$. Example:
$\textrm{SUMSQ}(R_1) = 4^2 + 6^2 + 7^2 + (-3)^2 = 110$
Product of elements in range $R$. Example:
$\textrm{PRODUCT}(R_1) = 4 \cdot 6 \cdot 7 \cdot (-3) = -504$
Count of numeric elements in range $R$. Example:
$\textrm{COUNT}(R_3) = 3$
Count of non-empty elements in range $R$. Example:
$\textrm{COUNTA}(R_3) = 4$